Good adhesion is generally required whenever a coating is applied to a surface. A clean surface and good wettability are needed for good adhesion.
Spin coating is one of the most used thin-film coating technique and for this reason, any new technique is typically compared to it.
Adhesion is the attraction between two dissimilar phases. It is commonly divided into mechanical interlocking and physical and chemical bonding.
Using so-called smart water flooding has increased interest in both sandstone and carbonate reservoirs due to its low cost and minimum impact on the environment.
More and more research interest is being put on functional coatings. New measurement techniques are required to evaluate them.
Coatings are typically evaluated by methods such as laboratory drawdown. Contact angle measurement can provide a more quantitative approach.
A basic requirement of any coating is that it should form a uniform, defect-free surface. Surface and interfacial tensions play a key role in that.
Contact angle hysteresis is often measured with so-called tilting cradle or plate method. The measurement can be done either manually or automatically.
Most commonly used methods to study reservoir wettability are Amott-Harvey, USBM, and sessile drop contact angle.